Reconstruction Document Analysis - 1256 Words

Dr. Wheeler HIS 251 26 November 2012 Document Analysis: â€Å"Reconstruction: Clashing Dreams and Realities, 1865-1868† The Civil War brought with it destruction in the South, over 600,000 fatalities, economic devastation, and a nation hanging together by the thread of the hopes of those who believed that the nation of Washington would not â€Å"perish from the earth.† Those living in the losing side had to face the harsh realities that their lives would never be the same, both for the white slave owners and for the black, newly-liberated, former slaves. As the introduction of Archive 12 in the anthology of primary historical sources American History Firsthand puts it best, â€Å"The end of the Civil War initiated a conflict between revised goals†¦show more content†¦Payne’s feeling toward African Americans was not uncommon amongst the former slave owners of the South. In fact, it can be said that some form of this letter was probably sent amongst many who resided in the Southern gentry. African Americans were not passive watchers during Reconstruction. Long denied the opportunity to learn how to read and write old and young alike took advantage of teachers who set up schools to teach former slaves. Many African Americans found an avenue through which they could educate themselves, earn respect in their community, and passively fight racial discrimination in the church. One such man is Hawkins Wilson, a former slave turned clergyman. Document 12.8 is a letter written by Wilson to his sister, Jane Wilson. In this letter he describes how his life has changed since the last time they saw each other. He is a free man devoted to the works of God, and, as he puts it, â€Å"Since I parted with you, I am happy now, for King Jesus is my Captain and God is my friend...My reputation is good before white and black. 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Equality Diversity Level 2 †As3 Free Essays

NCFE Level 2 Certificate in Equality and Diversity Unit 3: Working or Learning in a Place that Promotes Diversity 1. In relation to your chosen workplace / place of learning, provide examples of policies / codes of conduct that encourage and / or protect equality and diversity. My chosen workplace to study place a lot of emphasis on complying with Equality and Diversity, they not only have a comprehensive policy setting out their aims and what they wish to achieve with the implementation of the Policy but they have extensive Codes of Conduct for staff and partners to follow. We will write a custom essay sample on Equality Diversity Level 2 – As3 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Their policy sets out what they wish to achieve, examples being:- The firm are committed to developing a culture which values and respects people from all section of the community and the contribution each individual can make to the work of the firm. The firm aims to ensure equality and diversity objectives are incorporated and become an integral part of governance, management and the duties of every employee. The Policy also goes on to provide definitions for staff of different types of discrimination, explaining in very detailed terms exactly what the firm feels falls into each category, these include:- Bullying Harassment ? Dignity ? Prejudice Further, the Policy also provides how a complaint is dealt with, by whom and the timescales involved. In terms of the Codes of Conduct every employee is provided with a copy that they must read and retain. The company have implemented a system whereby the final page is signed by the employee and returned to the Equality Diversity represent ative so that the company has a record that everyone has seen and read the document. The Code of Conduct sets out:- Also read: Equality Diversity Under Awareness – Staff will be tolerant of individuals needs and cultural differences, help; to provide a pleasant working environment,. Have empathy, support and understandings for individual needs and cultural differences, be receptive and adaptable to change, be professional when deal with clients, colleagues and third parties, respect confidentiality, respect the feelings of others and do not stereotype, make assumptions or pre-judge based on someone’s appearance or culture. Further staff will not discriminate directly or indirectly against someone’s age, gender, sexuality, religion, race, special needs or culture. Under Accessibility – staff will respect, understand and meet the needs of different cultural beliefs, be adjustable and adaptable, be aware of your language (both verbal and body) when you are dealing with clients and colleagues, be aware of different meanings according to culture and to offer help with communication and translation (braille, audio or interpreter). The Codes of Conduct have further headings with similar statements including policy and Support to assist staff in fully understanding the entire policy and it definitions. 2. In relation to your chosen workplace / place of learning, describe what is expected of members of staff who have specific responsibility for equality and diversity. Include information about their job titles and describe their responsibilities. In my chosen workplace there are two members of staff are responsible for ensuring our Equality Diversity Policy / Code of Conduct are complied with. This role is covered by a Senior Partner and the Office Manager (terms Equality and Diversity Representatives by the firm) who ensure that the Policy / Code of Conduct is up to date and that they are up to date on the Law / Regulations including Law updates, case Law and advances in enforcing Policies. Should there be a breach of the Policy either the Partner or Office Manager are responsible for ensuring this is investigated fully and fairly on behalf of either staff members or clients whom feel a potential breach may have occurred. They are also responsible for providing all staff with on-going training either via conferences in the office, outsourced conferences or memo based updates. 3. Describe what is broadly expected of all staff in relation to equality and diversity. All staff are expected to treat everyone appropriately regardless of their age, disability, gender reassignment, race, religion, sexual orientation or marital status. They also expect that all staff engage in developing a culture which values and respects people from all sections of the community and the contribution that each individual can make to the workings of a firm. All staff are further expected to have a good awareness of the Code of Conduct and abide by the same throughout their role, specifically expecting all staff to be tolerant, provide a pleasant working environment, be receptive and professional, respect others feeling and confidentiality and not to stereotype or pre-judge. All staff are expected to make themselves aware of the Policy and adhere to it at all times to ensure that each and every aspect of the firm complies with Equality and Diversity to the highest possible standard. All staff are also expected to ensure that breaches or potential breaches are brought to the Partnerships attention quickly so that investigations can be put into place. 4. Based on the work you have done in Question 1 – 3, write a short summary of what you have discovered in terms of the organisation’s work on equality and diversity. Within my workplace the Equality and Diversity Policy / Code of Conduct is thought of as pivotal to the firm. Great pride is taken in the fact the firm have such a comprehensive regulation system and great care is taken by the Partners to ensure that at every opportunity Equality and Diversity is considered. The company have a Equality and Diversity Board , including partners, staff representatives and external service providers, who meet once a month and discuss any issues that may have been raised, whether these be complaints, alleged breaches or simply comments from individuals with regards the Policy (wording etc) or any other issues. The minutes from the meetings are published and a copy placed in a centralised folder with additional copies being sent to all staff via email so that everyone can be kept up to date. Furthermore periodically quizzes are sent round to staff (including partners) with ten questions asking for multiple choice answers to be completed. The Equality and Diversity Representatives make this fun by awarding prizes to the winners but if somebody fails to grasp the quiz additional fact sheets and work is undertaken with that person to ensure the Representatives are confident they appreciate what Equality and Diversity is and why it is held in such high regard at the office. 5. Describe how equality and diversity is monitored within your chosen place of work / learning. The staff with conduct of the Equality Diversity Policy in the office (Partner and office manager) monitor equality and diversity. They are responsible for monitoring Recruitment and selection processes, promotion and transfer, training, terms and conditions of employment, work live balance policy, grievance and disciplinary procedures, resignations, redundancies and dismissals. Furthermore reviews of the policies are conducted regularly with the help of external experts who ensure that the policies incorporate the most up to date Law and Case law to ensure proper compliance. 6. Prepare a short report on how your chosen place of work / study promotes (communicates) policies and practices for equality and diversity to employees and external stakeholders (such as customers and the community). Provide specific examples. The company has many ways in which it tells external people of the equality and diversity policy. It is included in the firm’s website under a separate tab which explains in general terms our policy, advising those who read that we run in accordance with the policy and confirming that a full copy of the policy is available should they wish to read it, free of charge on request. Furthermore our Twitter and Facebook accounts give general information but if the policy changes or is affected by any legal changes these are specifically documented via updates. Internally quizzes are held to help staff keep updated and also regularly memos or training seminars (by internal and external agencies) are also conducted. 7. Describe the organisation’s punishments or sanctions for any breach in the policies / codes of practice / guidelines where equality and diversity are concerned. Individuals are expected to report all incidents of harassment, bulling or discrimination to their head of department, staff partner or manger. In return the company promise to ensure all complaints are dealt with confidentially and with sensitivity ensuring that investigations are swift and discreet. Anybody who is found to have been acting in contravention to the Code of Conduct or policies or any member of staff that allows a breach to go ahead by turning a blind eye or encouraging the same will face formal disciplinary action. The firm has several outcomes for an investigation via disciplinary action. If a complaint is upheld the offender will be sat down and confidentially spoken to about their conduct and told the behaviour will stop. This will be recorded but taken no further so long as there is no repeat. The second step could be mediation where the offender and victim with a natural member of staff are given the opportunity to sit and discuss the matter. If they do not want to do this face to face a letter exchange will be agreed and monitored. Again the process will be recorded and documented. If the above steps cannot be completed or the breach is too serious formal disciplinary procedures will commence in line with the companies normal disciplinary procedures. This takes the form of a disciplinary meeting whereby the offender can put forward mitigation or defence and then the disciplinary partner will decide the next course of action – this can be verbal warning, written warning, suspension or dismissal – again depending on the seriousness of the breach and / or the offenders past disciplinary record. Throughout all of the above the victim is kept informed and the victim can ask that a certain procedure be undertaken – ie: if they do not want a fuss they can ask that instead of disciplinary a warning is given to the person or they can refuse to undertake mediation because they are concerned it will not work or has not worked in the past. If the complaint is not upheld a meeting will be had with offender and victim individually to advise them of the reasons why and the outcome confirmed in writing to them. As in all disciplinary matters if either party is unhappy with the outcome grievance procedures can be commenced, this being done by requesting the same within 21 days of the formal decision. 8. Describe why the creation and maintenance of an environment that promotes and ensures equality and diversity is desirable. Describe the advantages for the organisation and provide examples. The advantage for ensuring Equality and Diversity are complied with within an organisation in the most basic sense is a better place to work. It builds a fairer environment for both staff and the public whereby they know that their views and rights, no matter their personal circumstances, will be dealt with properly and without prejudice. Ensuring prejudice does not â€Å"creep in† to a workplace is essential as prejudice breeds discontent and can cause severe upset to individuals or groups of people. The workplace has people from any cultural and economic backgrounds and therefore enforcing good equality and diversity practices means that a happy and social workplace develops. . Describe the consequences for your chosen organisation of failing to create and maintain a diverse and equal environment. You should consider aspects such as: †¢ Legal †¢ Economic †¢ Social Should the employer not create and maintain a proper Policy / Code of Conduct the consequences can be far reaching. A firm known to not comply with any policy could lose clients or professional contacts as they do not wish to engage with a firm that does not comply with Equality and Diversity. This could mean lost revenue and it could also mean that filling staffing positions is harder as people may be cautious of working for someone who would not support them if their rights were breached. Again legally a firm could be pursued via employment law and sued if a complaint via the tribunal was upheld whereby somebodies rights were breached or could be breached and there were no safeguards to protect them. How to cite Equality Diversity Level 2 – As3, Essay examples

Environmental Law Landscapes

Question: Write about theEnvironmental Lawfor Landscapes. Answer: Introduction Many nations have benefited from landscapes in different ways. [1]However, there have been arguments in many nations on who should be given the responsibility of making sure that the landscapes are preserved. To make sure that there are defined rules on who should be accountable of the landscapes, there are laws in place that are used to guide the respective nations on what to do when it comes to matters of landscapes exactly. New Zealand is one of the many nations that have benefited from the landscape. The nation has earned a lot of money from tourists who are attracted by the physical features. With that in mind, it is evident that the question of who should be given the responsibility to guard the landscapes is eminent. The government is divided into different parts and levels with the aim of reaching the citizens on the ground. The levels of governments have different obligations and responsibilities in preserving the environment. It is for this reason that there should be clear guidelines on who exactly should take care of the environment. Such makes sure that there is someone who has been given the responsibility of looking after the physical features which are of benefit to the region and the nation. The question of who should recognize the outstanding landscapes should be tackled in different ways and from different perspectives. Outstanding Landscapes should be Recognized by a National Planning Instrument 7Though in New Zealand there lacked proper rules that were supposed to guide the government on who to look after the landscapes and manage them; the need has risen for the last few years. This is because the nation has seen the importance of having landscapes. There before, landscapes were viewed as features that only exist and there was no need to look after them. There are different reasons why the national planning instrument should recognize the outstanding landscapes. [2] Source of Income One of the primary responsibilities of any given government is to make sure that the nation earns from the resources it has. 8According to Jackson, New Zealand has already seen the results of taking good care of the environment. The fact that the outstanding landscapes have acted as tourists' attraction sites makes them an economic resource. For the government to be able to take care of its citizens, it must have resources in place. One of the most important resources is money. 15though the government may not have a full control of the tourism sector, using the natural resources it has would have a great impact on the economy of the nation. Its a Natural Feature To understand this point well, it is important to borrow an example from some of the African nations. There have been cries that most traders from Asia are trading with the African poachers. One of the most important and common African natural resources is wildlife. Just like in New Zealand, some governments in Africa pocket a lot of money from wildlife tourism. Therefore, the governments in Africa are the ones responsible for wildlife and they do all they can to protect the wildlife. Such has helped the nation in many ways.9 It is the responsibility of the nation to make sure that it looks after the well-being of the natural resources. Failure to do so, the resources might be misused which might have an effect in the future. The reason why it is good to preserve some of the resources is to make sure that the face of the history is maintained and passed from generation to another. In the given example of Africa, if nothing is done, it is more likely that the next generation will be heard of elephants and rhinos but will never see them. Such is the case that is likely to happen if the outstanding landscapes are not recognized by the national planning instrument. 16Therefore, for the sustenance of the landscapes, the inclusion of the national planning instrument is of great essence. To make Sure that the Environment is Preserved In the twenty-first century, the issue of environment pollution is common. To make sure that such does not happen, there needs to be a body in place that is given the responsibility of taking good care of the environment. 10The reason why the national planning instrument is more suitable for taking care of the landscapes is that it has the machinery putting into consideration it is funded by the national government. [3]At the same time, the national policies cannot be compared with the regional policies; they are far different and more advanced since they look after the needs of the entire nation. Bringing in the national planning instruments is making sure that the needed dedication is given to the landscapes. The outstanding landscapes of New Zealand are features known by many people all over the world. Such means that the natural resources, if not guarded, might affect the nation's reputation. It is the responsibility of the national planning instrument to do so.6 With all said and done; it is also important to state that the national planning instrument should only be dedicated to taking care of the outstanding landscapes alone. The reason for stating so is because concentrating on all landscapes might have an effect on the effectiveness of the instrument. For example, if the national planning instrument concentrated its resources on the minor landscapes, the regional planning instrument would be left without responsibility. 14At the same time, the national planning instrument will be overstretched thus affecting its effectiveness in looking after the welfare of the environment.[4] Outstanding Landscapes Should be Recognized by the Regional Planning Instrument The person who knows more about a place is the person who lives in the place. 11With such in mind, it is important to make sure that the natural resources are placed under the care of the local mechanism. There are reasons why the outstanding landscapes should be recognized by the regional planning instrument. Knowledge of the Features The person who lives in the rural New Zealand has more knowledge about the place, and the same case applies to the one living in the urban areas. With this in mind, the instrument that can be effective in taking care of the landscapes is the instrument that has more knowledge about the region. 5The local planning instrument is entrusted with the regional issues thus making it more conversant with the issues surrounding the regional affairs. The landscapes should be protected from the potential threats. Though the government has the machinery to make sure that the landscapes are preserved, the regional leadership is on the ground thus in a more suitable place to make sure that the natural resources are protected and guarded. More Concern In some nations, physical features are a heritage that the residents hold dearly in their hearts. 3Some residents take the preservation of the features serious. Therefore, a regional planning instrument is likely to make sure that the resource is not over-exploited. [5]At the same time, when a feature in a specific region is over exploited, the region tends to be affected. Because the regional members do not want to have a bad reputation, they are likely to give the local leadership an easy time in looking after the welfare of the natural features.[6] Sense of Belonging The landscapes are natural features, and that means that they cannot migrate. For many years, the residents of a region live with the features, and that makes the communities and the features part and parcel of the region. Therefore, when a body from the locality is given a responsibility of taking care of the environment, it is more likely that the body does it with all the zeal, and it is determined to make sure that the features are well taken care of. It is for this reason that the regional planning instrument should recognize the outstanding landscapes. 4By so doing, the attention that will be given to the landscapes will be out of good will. At the same time, it is good to look at the whole issue from a financial perspective. The sustenance of a natural resource does not come without a cost. 1Therefore, it is more likely for the national body to spend more resources in taking care of the landscapes. However, the case is different when it comes to the regional body. This is beca use the operations of the regional body are concentrated around the landscapes thus needing fewer resources to attend to attend to any matter related to the landscapes. Conclusion It is evident that landscapes play a crucial role in the development of any given region. The issue of who should recognize the precious resource is still a dilemma. However, both the national planning instrument and the regional planning instrument have a responsibility to play in preserving the environment. With this in mind, it is difficult to make a judgment of who should utilize the resources. The bottom line is that the outstanding landscapes must be guarded if the nation is aimed at preserving its environment and heritage. Bibliography Anita, S, Cultural Landscapes in the Pacific Islands: The 2007 ICOMOS Thematic Study. (Safeguarding Precious Resources for Island Communities, 2014)pp.52-59. David, C, Sacred Sites, Sacred Places. Vol 23 (London: Routledge, 2013) David, G., 2016. Horizontal and Vertical Integration of Sustainability into Policymaking, Planning, and Implementation of Renewable Energy (Legal Aspects of Sustainable Development. Springer International Publishing, 2016).423-48. Douglas, P, Destination Management in New Zealand: Structures and Functions (Journal of Destination Marketing Management, 2015) 1-12. Duempelmann, S, John, Women, Modernity and Landscape Architecture (London: Routledge, 2015) Hobbs, A, Connection to Place (Australian Garden History, 2014) 26(2), 19. Ian, Y, Una, M, New Zealand Tourism: Which Direction Would it take? (Tourism Recreation Research, 2014) 415-35. Jackson, J, Recognizing Outstanding Natural Landscapes Under the RMA (New Zealand: Environment Court of New Zealand, n.d) James, B, Landscape, Natural Character, Aquaculture and the NZKS Supreme Court Decision: Australasian Coasts and Ports 2015 (22nd Australasian Coastal and Engineering Conference and the 15th Australasian Port and Harbour Conference, 2015) James, R, Predator Free New Zealand: Conservation Country (Bioscience, 2015) p 2015. Kaiser, M, Aquaculture and the Precautionary Principle in the New Zealand Supreme Court (Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2015) pp.75-81. Michelle, C, Picard, S, Future Values: Addressing the Moving Target of Sustainable Cultural Landscapes (International Journal of Society Systems, 2015) pp.352-67. 13Myers, S, Wetland Management in New Zealand: Are Current Approaches and Policies Sustaining Wetland Ecosystems in Agricultural Landscapes?(Ecological Engineering, 2013) pp.107-20. Rewi, E, The New Zealand Plant Conservation Network (Journal of the Australian Network for Plant Conservation, 2015) p.20. Salmon, R, Priestley, R, A Future for Public Engagement with Science of the Royal Society of New Zealand (Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 2015) pp.101-07. Simon, S, Winchester, H, Pathways to Sustainable Landscape Management: Peer Recognition as an Indicator of Effective "Soft Actions." (Geografisk Tidsskrift-Danish Journal of Geography, 2016) pp.14-23.

The Ethical Basis For Ecosystem Management Essays - Systems Ecology

The Ethical Basis for Ecosystem Management Andrew J. Green Ecosystem Management: The Human Dimension Establishing an environmental ethic is of utmost concern to the human species to better comprehend our place in the world and our potentials for the future. In doing so, we must extend our thinking of rights and responsibilities. I believe we must incorporate not only a temporal component, but also a spatial understanding of the world as an organic biotic community and how consumption is a part of the natural order. Aldo Leopold believes that conservation ethics must be rooted in a determination: A thing is right when it tends to preserve the integrity, stability, and beauty of the biotic community. It is wrong when it tends otherwise. I would like to start with Leopold's statement, and further explore how the definitions of integrity, stability and beauty can be better understood given three corollary's: 1. All organic entities must consume to survive it is not only a right, but a responsibility 2. There are limited resources to be consumed by organic entities on the planet 3. The human species has the ability, through rational thought, to conserve ever-depleting resources Leopold's ethic attempts to extend what is of human, moral concern to include animals, ecosystems, and endangered species. How can this concern be expressed in today's society? I see one problem with this argument in that there is little discussion about power and influence that is inherent in current definitions of rights. Therefore, I will introduce the notion that organic entities, those that depend on the consumption of energy for survival, must retain the right to consume resources to survive. Notions of right and wrong now have no standing it is a fact that organic entities must consume to maintain life. I will turn to Callicott for some discussion of limits and to the Second Law of Thermodynamics as a moral decree to conservation. The resources for survival are diverse and limited, and we must explore more fully the components of a biotic community as a whole to explore our moral limits. Community components Organic entities exist (i.e. live) in an interdependent organic community. This viewpoint will examine components of the world which are necessary to maintain organic life. Biological entities are not the only things that require consumption in these organic communities: Fire consumes oxygen as well as organic entities, the atmosphere consumes radiation from the sun, water consumes through the removal of essential oxygen to those that require it, and the earth consumes through convection. The earth, itself, does nothing more than recycle energy. Inorganic earth, water and air are also methods of transportation within the consumption community. Temporally, to better understand the interconnectedness with other entities we must look at humanities history through the ancestry of the land. Leopold described the rings on a fallen tree to show where, at different points in time, it may have been affected by other forces of consumption. We can see this in a ring that is charred black due to a fire over one hundred years ago, or where romantic lovers etched their names in its sturdy frame. However, when we examine things at the microscopic level, a rich picture emerges that relates our biological history with nature. Leopold writes of this through the Odyssey of Particle X: In the flash of a century the rock decayed, and X was pulled out and up into a world of living things. He helped build a flower, which became an acorn, which fattened a deer which fed an Indian, all in a single year. The human sensory methods of discovery tend to miss many relationships between organic entities. We tend to miss a lot of things when we are not actually living in nature as well. The modern market-driven consumer society is very different from the consumer community of the totality of organic entities on the earth and quite possible less complex. We tend not only to consume resources, but technology allows us to build things that consume resources just in the production process itself. These, in turn, produce forms of energy that can then be consumed by human beings as a species. Finite energy resources Up until now, I have neglected the inorganic life that abounds on the planet. I

Government Involvement in the American Economy

Government Involvement in the American Economy As Christopher Conte and Albert R. Karr have noted in  their book,Outline of the U.S. Economy,  the level of government involvement in the American economy has been anything but static. From the 1800s to today, government programs and other interventions in the private sector have changed depending on the political and economic attitudes of the time. Gradually, the governments totally hands-off approach evolved into closer ties between the two entities.   Laissez-Faire to Government Regulation In the early years of American history, most political leaders were reluctant to involve the federal government too heavily in the private sector, except in the area of transportation. In general, they accepted the concept of laissez-faire, a doctrine opposing government interference in the economy except to maintain law and order. This attitude started to change during the latter part of the 19th-century, when small business, farm and labor movements began asking the government to intercede on their behalf. By the turn of the century, a middle class had developed that was leery of both the business elite and the somewhat radical political movements of farmers and laborers in the Midwest and West. Known as Progressives, these people favored government regulation of business practices to ensure competition and free enterprise. They also fought corruption in the public sector. Progressive Years Congress enacted a law regulating railroads in 1887 (the Interstate Commerce Act), and one preventing large firms from controlling a single industry in 1890 (the Sherman Antitrust Act). These laws were not rigorously enforced, however, until the years between 1900 and 1920. These years were when Republican President Theodore Roosevelt (1901-1909), Democratic President Woodrow Wilson (1913-1921) and others sympathetic to the views of the Progressives came to power. Many of todays U.S. regulatory agencies were created during these years, including the Interstate Commerce Commission, the Food and Drug Administration, and the Federal Trade Commission. New Deal and Its Lasting Impact Government involvement in the economy increased most significantly during the New Deal of the 1930s. The 1929 stock market crash had initiated the most serious economic dislocation in the nations history, the Great Depression (1929-1940). President Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933-1945) launched the New Deal to alleviate the emergency. Many of the most important laws and institutions that define Americans modern economy can be traced to the New Deal era. New Deal legislation extended federal authority in banking, agriculture and public welfare. It established minimum standards for wages and hours on the job, and it served as a catalyst for the expansion of labor unions in such industries as steel, automobiles, and rubber. Programs and agencies that today seem indispensable to the operation of the countrys modern economy were created: the Securities and Exchange Commission, which regulates the stock market; the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, which guarantees bank deposits; and, perhaps most notably, the Social Security system, which provides pensions to the elderly based on contributions they made when they were part of the workforce. During World War II New Deal leaders flirted with the idea of building closer ties between business and government, but some of these efforts did not survive past World War II. The National Industrial Recovery Act, a short-lived New Deal program, sought to encourage business leaders and workers, with government supervision, to resolve conflicts and thereby increase productivity and efficiency. While America never took the turn to fascism that similar business-labor-government arrangements did in Germany and Italy, the New Deal initiatives did point to a new sharing of power among these three key economic players. This confluence of power grew even more during the war, as the U.S. government intervened extensively in the economy. The War Production Board coordinated the nations productive capabilities so that military priorities would be met. Converted consumer-products plants filled many military orders. Automakers built tanks and aircraft, for example, making the United States the arsenal of democracy. In an effort to prevent rising national income and scarce consumer products from causing inflation, the newly created Office of Price Administration controlled rents on some dwellings, rationed consumer items ranging from sugar to gasoline and otherwise tried to restrain price increases.

The Best IB Chemistry Books, Reviewed

The Best IB Chemistry Books, Reviewed SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips To get an A in IB Chemistry SL/HL and a 7 on the exam, you need to be using the best study materials for your learning style. In this article, I will review some IB Chemistry SL/HL books to help you narrow your search. Note: I'm only including IB Chemistry Books from 2012 or newer. I don't recommend studying with older books as they most likely do not correspond to the most recent IB Chemistry syllabus. Who Should Use This Article? This post is for IB Chemistry students who are want to do well in the classroom and on the IB Chemistry SL/HL exam. If you're looking for a book that will help you cram for a few days before the IB exam, any of the books we mention below will work for you. But if you're looking to ace the test, it's best to choose a book that will help supplement what you learn in class. If that's your goal, you should pick the book carefully. Make sure you're picking a study book that fits your unique needs! Top IB Chemistry SL/HL Books I’ve split the best IB Chemistry books into a few categories to help you make your decision: Best Textbook: This text is our overall winner. It's the best book to help you learn throughout the school year, no matter your strengths or weaknesses. Best Study Resource for Quick Learning During the School Year:This is our top recommendation for all students to master topics quickly. Best Study Guide for Mid-Scoring Students:This text provides more in-depth explanations for those who need a little more help understanding the material. Best Value Study Guide:This book will give you the most bang for your (limited) buck. Book to Avoid:This book lacks all of the material you need to succeed. Best IB Chemistry Textbook IB Chemistry Course Book: 2014 Edition: Oxford IB Diploma Program Price on Amazon: about $58 Description: This is the go-to textbook for IB Chemistry SL/HL. The Oxford University Press is the only publisher coordinating directly with the IBO to create their books, which means they better comprehend what the IBO wants you to learn and what they will expect you to know for the IB exam. They're also able to create the most realistic practice IB Chemistry problems. Pros: Developed directly with input from the IBO High-quality explanations Realistic practice questions Organized logically, with practice integrated throughout Cons: This textbook is thorough in its coverage of the syllabus, but it won't help you find the best study method for your learning style. It The best way for you to study for IB Chemistry may not be cover to cover! Unfortunately, this book doesn't give clear guidance on how best to customize its content for your needs Does not contain study strategies or test strategies More expensive than other guides Best Study Guide for Mid-Scoring Students IB Chemistry Study Guide: 2014 Edition: Oxford IB Diploma Program Price on Amazon:about $34 Description: This is the go-to IB Chemistry Study Guide when you've got limited time to study. Also published by The Oxford University Press, this study guide complements the IB Chemistry Course Book mentioned above. This book breaks topics down into comprehensible sections, with pictures to help cement concepts. Also, IB Chemistry exam preparation material is integrated to make sure you excel on the IB Chemistry exam. Pros: Developed directly with the IB High-quality content Realistic practice problems and exam material Organized logically, with practice integrated coherently Very thorough for those who need a little extra help in addition to their textbook / class lectures Cons: This book is better for thoroughness and not very good for customized prep More expensive than other guides Best Study Resource for Fast Learning Throughout the School Year IB Chemistry (SL and HL) Examination Flashcard Study System: IB Test Practice Questions Review for the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme (Cards) Price on Amazon: about $44 Description: Flashcards are a good study option for IB Chemistry since there are many specifics to memorize. These flashcards help break the subjects down into manageable sections, so that you can easily memorize important information. Unlike the Oxford University Press, this company doesn't work with IBO, but they use the IB Chemistry syllabus to make sure they cover all subjects. These flashcards are a great resource to use for studying during the school year for your in-class IB Chemistry tests. You can focus just on the applicable flashcards for each quiz. Even though there are no IB exam practice questions, these flashcards are still good for exam review because they cover core concepts. Since most of the IB Chemistry exam questions ask you to repeat memorized facts (such as asking you to decide â€Å"Which statement about reactivity is correct?†), these flashcards are a great tool to help you get a 7 on your exam. Pros: Developed using the IB Chemistry syllabus Provides a high-quality content review Breaks down big topics into small manageable parts Organized by topic, making it easy to help you memorize throughout the year, not just for the IB exam Cons: Doesn't give advice on how to use the flashcards to study. I encourage you to use our "waterfall method" These flashcards just have space for brief explanations. If you don't understand a topic, you will need to refer back to another resource to help cement understanding. More expensive than other guides Best Value Study Guide IB Chemistry Notes by Vincent Keat Standard Leveland Higher Level Price on Amazon:About $19 Description: What I love about these books is that they are topic specific. These notes were written following the IB Chemistry SL and HL syllabus. They contain fully worked examples on each topic and are an ideal resource for test preparation throughout the school year as well as for the IB Chemistry exam. Pros: Developed using the IB Chemistry syllabus High-quality content review Fully worked examples of each topic Relatively inexpensive Cons: Does not contain full practice tests Does not contain study strategies or test strategies Book to Avoid IB Chemistry (SL and HL) Examination Secrets Study Guide: IB Test Review for the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme (Mometrix Secrets Study Guides) Price on Amazon:about $50 Description: This study guide for IB Chemistry covers the core topics of the syllabus including some practice questions for paper 1 (the multiple-choice section of the exam). However, it doesn't review any of the options (tested on paper 3 of the IB Chemistry exam) or include any practice for paper 2 questions. Pros: Focused review of IB Chemistry core topics Includes practice questions from paper 1 with detailed answer explanations Includes test tips and strategies Cons: Expensive compared to other materials Missing review of the options, which count for â…“ of the IB Chemistry exam Missing review of paper 2 questions, which count for â…“ of the IB Chemistry exam This book is too expensive to spend money on when it is missing â…” of the material needed to succeed on the IB Chemistry exam Other (Free) Study Resources While these are great study aids, we know they can be pretty pricey. Find other free IB Chemistry study resources in our IB Chemistry Study Guide.Also, check out our article on where to find IB Chemistry past papers to help you practice for the exam. What’s Next? Learn more about IB Chemistry by checking outthe complete IB chemistry syllabus. Trying to figure out what extracurricular you should do? Learn more about participating in Science Olympiad, starting a club, doing volunteer work, andjoining Student Government. Studying for the SAT? Check out our complete guide to the SAT.Taking the SAT in the next month? Check out our guide to cramming. Not sure where you want to go to college? Check out our guide to finding your target school.Also, figure out your target SAT score or target ACT score. These recommendations are based solely on our knowledge and experience. If you purchase an item through one of our links, PrepScholar may receive a commission. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Using the media 6 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Using the media 6 - Assignment Example In order to influence public opinion and as a nurse, I would use the media to apply pressure and advance the public policy issue. This would serve as a way of marshaling the constituents. Additionally, in order to communicate the public policy issue through the media, the message to be conveyed would need to be framed to make the information understandable by the public (Mason et al., 2011). The media can also be ineffective if the messages are conveyed to the wrong target group. It is at this point that I would determine the target group or audience for the communication. The social networking media can be effective means of communicating the public policy issue. A message passed through any of the social media sites and websites such as Facebook, Twitter and blogs can be weighty (Anderson & Puckrin, 2011). Therefore, it would be effective to have a post in all social networking websites and blogs on the current state of the policy issue, and an expounded state of the policy issue a nd comments of a policy maker in an opinion editorial. However, although social networking websites may be helpful in conveying useful information, there are numerous concerns that need to be considered (Miller, 2011). These include privacy and confidentiality of information. Patient confidentiality and privacy is an essential issue that continues to be violated by social media users (Anderson & Puckrin, 2011). It would be ethically and professionally wrong for a nurse to expose patient information without their

The European sovereign debt crisis during 2010-2011 Essay

The European sovereign debt crisis during 2010-2011 - Essay Example Historically, when a sovereign nation’s governmental debt exceeds the annual GDP of the country, the risk increases proportionately that the country will default on all or a portion of the debt requirements, particularly in the circumstances where the debt instruments are held by foreigners or in another currency than the national coin. The ability of sovereign nations to generally print money without formal external control is well established and the example of Zimbabwe is an extreme example of this, but the United States has also reached a debt level that is over $15.5 trillion USD or near 100% of the annual GDP outlook, while the economy is also declining and recessionary,. The U.S. Federal Reserve may also print money to bailout banks in the U.S. and abroad, as it has done following the Lehman bankruptcy, but the Eurozone situation is more complex. Nations like Greece now have their debt valued in Euros rather than Drachma and the sovereign is no longer able to print mone y, deflate the currency, and cover government debts in the manner of the U.S. central bank. Instead, it appears as if Greece will either default or be bailed out by other Eurozone members, while Wall Street and stock markets around the world react daily to these events and news stories as they herald serious consequences for the international economy that is interconnected during the era of globalization. Political Dynamics of the Eurozone Economy The Eurozone is a political experiment that involves a common currency (the Euro) and a number of sovereign nations that retain their political autonomy in budgetary and domestic affairs while moving together towards ever greater unity in government on the supra-national level. This dichotomy has led to the nations of the Eurozone abandoning their national currencies, but still operating domestically with differing levels of economic production, taxation, social expenditures, and national debt levels. The U.K. and Switzerland remain outsid e of the Eurozone and under their own traditional currencies, the Pound and Swiss Franc. Germany, France, and other Northern European nations are generally seen as being economically stronger than the Southern European countries, with the acronym â€Å"PIGS† being used for the countries Portugal, Italy, Greece, and Spain with the worst economic outlook, budgetary problems, and largest national debt requirements in comparison to GDP. Ireland has been considered a part of this group by some (PIIGS), as the country experienced generally the same problems in an overheated banking, real estate, and finance sector which formed a bubble and popped, leaving the taxpayers and national government responsible for the bailout. Yet, while Ireland and Iceland have already crashed previously before the 2008-2009 meltdown in their national economies due to the problems in financial regulation and overextension of risk taking via leverage in investment banking, the

The Road Not Taken by Robert Frost Essay Example for Free

The Road Not Taken by Robert Frost Essay The act of choosing is one of the most basic, yet complex thought processes of the human mind. We humans encounter the action of choosing every single day, it can be as simple as picking out what shoes to wear, or as life altering as deciding to get an abortion. In modern western culture, citizens have the right of freedom, thus granted independence of choice. This in effect, generates unlimited amount of opportunities and choices to be made. The obvious dilemma here, being which choice is the correct one, and why we pursue to make this choice. After reading the poem â€Å"The Road Not Taken† by Robert Frost, the act of choosing strikes me as the main concept of the poem. The concept of choice is introduced and used throughout the entire poem, in a first person narrative style of writing. My interpretation of â€Å"The Road Not Taken† is that Robert Frost delivers a thoughtful way of expressing a first person choice process. He demonstrates just how important choices can be in our lives, done through writing about his decision to travel through a road over another, and later comes to the conclusion he should have taken the other road. Another important concept Robert Frost puts forward, is that one choice may perhaps lead to another choice by delivering the phrase â€Å"Yet knowing way leads to way† in the fourth sentence of the thirds stanza. I therefore believe that the poem can be compared to a gradual experience of a choice made in ones life. Demonstrating how usually one decides to follow a certain path in their life, as it seems the more suitable choice at the point in time. However it may not be the best choice or seem as good as it did in the beginning.

Creation and Evolution, which do you believe? Essay -- Philosophy, Ori

When thinking about the origin of life, there are two main points one can come to, Intelligent Design or Natural Process (Ken Ham, 2008). â€Å"According to the former view, supernatural intervention was essential for the creation of life; according to the latter, living organisms could form spontaneously—for example, from the mud of the Nile† (Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2006). Creation can be defined as the original bringing into existence of the universe by God (â€Å"Creation†, n.d.). Intelligent design can be defined as â€Å"certain features† (Ken Ham, 2008). Intelligent Design can also be explained by finding features of the earth and explaining them by an intelligent cause ("Intelligent Design", n.d.). Creationism usually starts with religious text and trying to see how science fits with it ("Intelligent Design", n.d). Creation and Intelligent Design are both similar in the way of people believing that there was a purpose in the creation of people (Orgel, Leslie E, 2006). Evolution can be defined as â€Å"Change in the gene pool of a population from generation to generation by such processes as mutation, natural selection, and genetic drift† (â€Å"Evolution†, n.d.). â€Å"Through the process of descent with modification, the common ancestor of life on Earth gave rise to the fantastic diversity that we see documented in the fossil record and around us today. Evolution means that we're all distant cousins: humans and oak trees, hummingbirds and whales† (Orgel, Leslie E, 2006) There are two types of evolution, micro and macro. Microevolution is the small change of a species over time (Orgel, Leslie E, 2006). Macroevolution means the big change of a species over time, such as stability and through extinction (Orgel, Leslie E, 2006). This paper will dis... ...ll changing and are still being modified, how so? It says that God created everything in 6 days, not over long periods of million and billions of years. God designed us as organisms in six days, no more any less. In Conclusion, believing in creation affects how one looks on the world and the life that inhabits it. Knowing that God working as Intelligent Designer makes one think that we are put here for a purpose and that each and every one of us has a determined purpose, not that we are accidents. Also believing in creation affects how one could view others, knowing that everyone was created by a designer, one would know that people are not accidents or mistakes. Knowing that creation is the truth and that God created everything one would know that not only humans but the world itself was also created with a purpose, not from some mistake or massive explosion.

Animal Farm Compare and Contrast

Many books are made into movies whether people realize it or not. Some movies could be very well done, and others completely terrible. When the producers of Animal Farm made the book into a movie, they did not do as well as they could have. The book and movie of Animal Farm can be compared in many ways through their differences, similarities, and even why it contains the changes it does. Animal Farm was written to ridicule communism and the idea of a perfect world. The movie made it seem like a comical story of animals trying to run a farm, when it really is not.The narrators of both are very different. In the book, the narrator is not a character and does not show any bias at all. That makes it very easy to understand the main idea. Whereas in the movie, one of the characters plays the narrator keeping the movie in only one perspective. Mollie, who represents the bourgeoisie, flees because she does not like the way things are going in the book. However in the movie, she sticks aroun d and never leaves. The bourgeoisie did not like the idea of changing their ways in the idea of communism, and her role was not clear in the movie.The windmill in the book gets knocked down and Napoleon blames Snowball for it, in the movie Frederick knocks it over which does not make sense because Frederick symbolizes England. Another big difference is how the wood deal in the book represented the Non-Aggression Pact between Russia and Germany, and in the movie there wasn’t really any such thing except for a meeting with Napoleon and Pilkington, and all they did was get drunk. That occurs towards the end, and then the movie ends with a scene of a new family moving into the farm house.That family is John F. Kennedy’s and that really does not have anything to do with the book. The end of the book is a meeting with every other farm and Napoleon playing a card game. The card game represents the beginning of the Cold War. Aside from all of the differences, there are few imp ortant similarities. The similarities can also compare the two stories even though there are few. The seven commandments are a big similarity. Old Major mentions at the beginning of both stories some â€Å"rules† the animals should live by.How they are written down is the same, including how they eventually get changed. The pigs start to develop human-like characteristics and that makes for a lot of fall out towards the end. The saying, â€Å"Four legs good, two legs bad†, is the same for both and even gets changed to the same thing, too. Squealer is a huge manipulator in both story lines. He convinces the animals that Napoleon does everything to better them and even covers up some suspicions the other animals have. Since Animal Farm is about Soviet Russia and their revolution, it contains a lot of historical satire.The movie makers most likely changed many parts of the book so that it would be humorous for a younger audience, completely lacking the main points. The mo vie would have been a lot better if it was the same as the book and was animated. However, movie makers probably did not make it animated so that it would not seem child like. Even though they did not succeed at making the movie like the book, if it was animated it could have been more enjoyable. The differences, similarities, and why it contains the changes it does are all ways to compare the Animal Farm movie to the book.Movies that are based on books should really be more like the book so that it doesn’t seem like two different stories. That could confuse the reader/watcher if they are not very similar. This movie should not be recommended if the reader of the book wants to watch a movie thinking it would be like the book because it is not very correct at all. The movie should be somewhat similar due to the fact that it is a historical satire. The book should be read though because it is a great example of what power does to people, and it is very historically correct on t he events in the Russian Revolution.

Paper – Sensory Marketing

English Paper Julien BECQUEVORT BAC 3 – Intermediate 1 2011-2012 English Paper Julien BECQUEVORT BAC 3 – Intermediate 1 2011-2012 The sensory marketing The sensory marketing Table of contents Introduction2 Sensory marketing2 Visual marketing4 Sound marketing5 Olfactory marketing6 Gustatory marketing7 Tactile marketing8 Personal opinion9 Conclusion10 Bibliography12 Introduction Even if one  does  not realize,  sensory marketing  is ubiquitous in  marketing campaigns and  it may explain  most of our  purchasing decisions. The soothing ambience  of a store,  pleasant odor  diffused,  attractive colors,†¦ can influence the customer’s decision.Sensory marketing can be defined as â€Å"a  marketing technique that  seeks  one or  more of the five senses of the consumer. Its aim is to  attract customers  by increasing  their welfare  in order to positively influence  their behavior  vis-a-vis a  product or a  point of sale†. To approach sensory marketing, I decided to begin by a short description of the topic. After, I will talk about the five types of sensory marketing : visual, sound, olfactory, gustatory and touch. To finish, I will expose you my personal opinion about the subject. Sensory marketingCompared with traditional marketing, the sensory marketing focuses more on the five senses : sight, hearing, taste, smell and touch. The sensory marketing creates around the product a multisensory atmosphere that boosts their attractiveness. According to specialists, the use of the five senses in a marketing campaign would allow companies to increase their sales by arousing customer’s emotions. Nowadays, with the growth of the supply for a product, it is very important for a company to differentiate itself from its competitors. We notice that more and more companies use the sensory marketing to do it.Despite the fact that Kotler stressed already in 1973 the importance of the atmosphere in a store, the sensory marketing has only really developed until the 2000’s. It is still a young aspect of the marketing strategies. But today, more and more marketing specialists attach importance to the sensory marketing because it is a great success. This success can be explained in two ways. On the one hand, sensory perception brings a comfortable feeling, a sense of reality that the consumer looks for because of the development of virtual in our society.On the other hand, the consumer looks for a sensorial experience with all senses and especially with a back to the nature in a context of increasing urbanization. But some specialists say it is unethical to play with people’s feeling and emotions in a commercial aim. In fact, the sensory marketing can be used in an abusive way, trying to manipulate the customer. However, it is not like â€Å"neuromarketing† that is completely unethical. This type of marketing consists in a study of the mechanisms of the br ain when it receives commercial stimuli.Professionals of marketing can adapt their advertising campaigns based on the results of the study. It’s difficult for consumers to not buy the product with this type of marketing. But concerning sensory marketing, if the consumer has been once fooled on a product because of a sensory marketing, he will not be fooled a second time. Today’s marketing would be a marketing based on the five senses at the same time. That is called â€Å"polysensorality† by the marketers. However, it’s really difficult to set up for most of products. Now, I will give you some concrete examples in order to better understand what the sensory marketing is.It would be interesting to diffuse a smell of hot chocolate in a chocolate department. This strategy, combined with an attractive visual aspect of the product, will guide the consumer towards the product. Moreover, tastings in stores can also increase the sales of the product. The consumer can be aware of the product’s quality, smell, texture, etc. Nature et Decouvertes is a pioneer among the sensory marketers. When we are in the store, all our senses are stimulated. For example, all the products are exposed and we can touch and test everyone. It is really entertaining for the clients.Concerning the smell, odours of essential oils are spread in the shop, and even outside of it. It makes the passers want to enter the store. Moreover, we can hear a relaxing music. People often buy a CD and essential oils to recreate this relaxing atmosphere at home. Nature et Decouvertes has well understood that the sensory marketing can increase purchases but also enhance the image of this brand. Visual marketing The visual marketing is used by the professionals of marketing since a lot of years. The beauty and the design have always been very important in the marketing.People are always looking for aesthetic. Colours and forms, department’s arrangements of a shop are im portant factors for the product’s success. It influences the consumers and triggers emotional reactions that play a role in the purchase decision. The sight is the most highlighted sense in a marketing campaign. The client has his first impression of a product, whatever it is, by the sight. Visual aspects are essential and sellers try to attract people thanks to the sight. For example, in an automobile showroom, everything is studied.The lighting, the colours and the positions of the cars can influence people who look for aestheticism. But the visual marketing has also evolved with new technologies. Nowadays, beautiful pictures are broadcasted on LCD or LED screens. In travel agencies, pictures of withe sand and blue seas scrolled on a screen and invite to evasion. People are more likely to push the door to enter the agency. Apple has also developed a strong visual marketing for its products. We can found the iPod, the MP3 players of Apple, in a wide range of colours.Before, the iMac was also available in different colours and the product was transparent in order to make the machine more pleasant. All the products of Apple are design and beautiful. Apple is specialized in the visual marketing because the brand has understood that the customer will choose more easily a product which is beautiful. Sound marketing The sound marketing is a recent side of the sensory marketing. Marketers have now understood that hearing is primordial in a communication campaign. The sound marketing must represent the brand and the product.It’s really important for a brand to have a specific music, a jingle or a voice which can allow people to identify the brand in question. Uncle Ben’s, U and Leclerc are linked to a specific voice that differentiates themselves from competitors. These voices play a role of jingle and the auditors recognize immediately the brand. Music is also used in stores and shops to sell a product. But it’s recent. Different studies have proven that music influence the perception of time and the customers stay longer and more easily in a store which trend music is played.According to these studies, a soft music, like classical music, encourages to stroll and relaxes the customers. The particular sound of a product is also used by producers hoping to differentiate it. For example, in the world of household electrical appliances, the sound of the buttons is different depending on the brand. But the most striking example is the engine’s sound of a Harley Davidson. No engine makes a noise similar to a Harley Davidson. This is one of the biggest selling points of the brand and it was studied during a long time by mechanics. Please, follow this link ttp://www. youtube. com/watch? v=31GBuRHxsDo&feature=fvwp&NR=1 Olfactory marketing Since more or less two decades, marketers have discovered that odour in an advertising campaign has a lot of influence on the purchase decisions of the customer. Before the 90â€℠¢s, this sense was totally put aside. It was very difficult to implement the olfactory marketing because the technologies did not permit it. Since few years, marketers have understood that the power of odours is something that they should not overlook as the olfactory memory is the most powerful.The olfactory marketing is very important to highlight a product or a brand. When we walk on the street, we can smell delicious odours coming from a restaurant, a bakery or store which sells coffee. All these odours attract the customers and trigger an emotional process that lost any sense of time. Customers like to go to shops and store where it smells good. It’s normal. Some brands like Nature et Decouvertes and Sephora have succeeded in attract the customer and the passers with odour. But olfactory marketing is not limited only to odours in shops and stores, it cans also be found within the products.For example, it’s important that a cosmetic cream smells good. In order to d ifferentiate their products from the others, it’s essential for a company to use different flavours. It’s the same for cleaning products. A lot of brands like Mr Propre, Carolin or Dreft use different scents for their cleaning products. These products do not only evoke cleanliness but also evoke evasion and pleasure thanks to the odours. A third example is the 3M company who has commercialized flavoured strawberry post – its. The target of this marketing’s type is essentially teenagers and especially young girls.However, olfactory marketing goes further and an odour diffuser, the â€Å"SmellBox†, was created to diffuse fragrances in a shop or a store. This box is connected to a computer and diffuses odours that are linked with the broadcasted pictures on the screen. Today, it is the most advanced application of the olfactory marketing. Gustatory marketing With this type of marketing, there are two possibilities  : either the consumer likes the pr oduct either he doesn’t like and doesn’t buy it. Taste marketing is often used in supermarkets where different brand representatives propose to taste new products.Clients appreciate this practice because they can judge the product for free. And this technique increases sales because people buy it after having tasted it so they don’t take a risk and know that they like it. Obviously, this marketing is usually used for food products. But there are some exceptions. Indeed, gustative marketing can be a good way to promote a product. For example, a jewelry demonstration accompanied by a chocolate fondue. Or we can also find candies in some stores. Moreover, gustative marketing is essential for toothpaste’s brands too.Today, the trend is traveling and people like new flavors of the world. There is a strong growth in sales of exotic spices and especially from Asia, very trendy at the moment. So, food industries have their gustative laboratories in order to taste new relishes depending on the trend and desires of consumers. Thus, this sort of marketing is not easy because we always have to adapt to the new flavors appreciated by people. So, there are gustatory trends that we have to follow all the time to satisfy customers. Tactile marketing This sort of marketing uses the touch to optimize sales of a product.This sense has more and more importance in communication campaigns, and professionals know it. Indeed, consumers need to touch the product in order to have a precise idea of its quality. For example, at the supermarket, customers like palpating fruits and vegetables and they think that they can evaluate their quality in this way. In fact, the touch creates a familiarity with the product. So, tactile marketing has a gigantic power and sellers have to use it in order to enhance sales. Moreover, people prefer going to a store which proposes to touch products, so this sort of marketing increase the number of clients.That’s why more and more enterprises look for textures appreciated by consumers. Today, for example, the trend is cashmere. Indeed, this textile inspires sweetness, comfort, protection, etc. As the touch refers to the qualities and functions of the product, the choice of the material and the form is essential. More the texture is successful, more consumers will want to buy it. We can well see this phenomenon in bedding store where people always lie on mattresses. Clients want to test the thickness and comfort, and prices become even less important. Food industries have also understood the advantages of this marketing.Children and teenagers like the combination of different textures as crunchy and sweet. For example, Danette created a new product to satisfy consumers : liquid chocolate accompanied by crunchy balls. We can also find chewing-gum crisps outside and liquids inside. Tactile marketing can also be applied for a service. Indeed, a hotel will be judged on the softness of the sheets, the thic kness of the towels, pillows’ quality, etc. If the client appreciates all of these things, he will have a good image of the hotel. So, the touch is a factor essential for product’s success. Personal opinionI have chosen this topic because I am really interested in the marketing sciences. I think that it is very important for a firm or a company to deeply understand how behave customers when they receive commercial stimuli. Otherwise, I would choose as master options marketing and management’s services. I hope that I will learn even more with the lecture of consumer’s behaviour. During my studies in management, we have seen lots of strategies and techniques to attract the customer to a product or service, but I think that the sensory marketing is the most interesting and is really booming.We can see more and more strategies of sensory marketing today. I think for example at the cover of the jam’s jars of Bonne Maman brand. The cover is squared with blue and white or red and white. Moreover, the writing on the label looks like handwriting. It really reminds jams of long ago. Another example is the development of the free distribution of new products in the street. When we walk on the street, we can see huge cars giving for example chocolate, cans of Coca-Cola, †¦ This is linked with gustatory marketing. Just yesterday, I went to a copy centre and the merchant had put an essential oil diffuser in the store.It was really nice to photocopy sheets in this atmosphere. Even if a copy centre does not need to use sensory marketing in order to attract customers, I think that it is a good initiative and it works. I will go back there to make photocopies. I think that more and more brand and retailers must use the sensory marketing. The customers asks for it, it is more sympathetic that our senses are requested when we do shopping or when we see an advertising. Moreover, studies and surveys have proved that the sensory marketing real ly influences the purchase decisions.It has to be developed by all the brands, if it is possible obviously. During the lectures of market research, we have seen lots of studies that showed that the marketing sensory has a lot of influence on consumers. For example, we have seen, supported by figures, that the purchases are more important if the music in the store is slow than fast. Moreover, if it is coupled with a nice odour, the amount of purchases is much more important. We have also learned that the light plays an important role in a restaurant. If the light is bright, the number of wine bottles purchased is higher than if the light is subdued.Per contra, the spent time in the restaurant and the amount of the bill is higher if the light is subdued. Recently, I have participated to a market research concerning the bookshop Libris Agora. We were asked during the study to analyse different odours that could be diffuse in the bookstore. It is typically a sensory marketing strategy. Personally, I am for a strong sensory marketing strategy. As I said before, it can attract lots of people to a store. For example, I like when trend and good music is played in a shop.I have already noticed that I stay more easily in a store where dance and electro music is played, maybe because I love this kind of music. Contrary to what my analysis says, I will never go to a store where classic music is broadcasted or maybe I will stay maximum five minutes. I think that it is because I am young and that does not attract me at all. Nevertheless, I can understand that people like this type of music and that classic music encourages people to stay longer in a store. One of the sensory marketing strategies that I like the most is the gustatory one.I really like to taste different products when I am at the supermarket or when I go to a fruit and vegetables seller. Usually, if the products are good, I put them in the cart. In order to further differentiate from the competition, brands a nd retailers should enhance their sensory marketing strategies. They should couple visual marketing with olfactory marketing, etc. However, the consumers must not receive too much sensory stimuli at once time. If it is the case, I think he feels oppressed and uncomfortable and he will certainly run away from the product or the store.Retailers have to find the right middle between the different strategies of sensory marketing. Moreover, the sensory marketing is not popular with everyone. I know some people who feel uncomfortable with odour of essential oils. I think that the big problem of the sensory marketing is to find the right settings in order to reach as many people as possible. Conclusion Throughout this report, I tried to explain what the sensory marketing is and how the five senses can play a role in the purchase decision. I also  tried to  give concrete examples  to  make this  report more understandable.We can see that in a context of an increasing supply, compa nies have to differentiate themselves from each other. It requires a very thorough marketing and more and more companies rely on sensory marketing to attract customers to their products. According to experts, marketing of tomorrow will be a â€Å"polysensory† marketing through which all senses of the consumer and prospect will be awakened. Nowadays, thanks to new technologies, this type of marketing is possible and some companies like Nature et Decouvertes use already this concept of â€Å"polysensority† marketing.The discipline of sensory marketing is now booming but it is very important to not oppress the customer with too much commercial and sensory stimuli. The sensory marketing must be carefully considered before being implemented. Bibliography http://marketing. oboulo. com/marketing-sensoriel-exemple-zara-h-m-killafornia-1 05054. html http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Sense http://fr. wikipedia. org/wiki/Marketing_sensoriel http://www. netpme. fr/marketing/704-marke ting-sensoriel. html http://www. journaldunet. com/management/dossiers/0606139marketing/cestquoi. shtml

AICE Diploma What Is It Should You Get One

AICE Diploma What Is It Should You Get One SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips There are several options for students who wish to accelerate to college-level learning duringtheir high school years. BesidesAP classes and the IB program, there's the AICE Diploma. If you're not very familiar with the AICE program, never fear- this article will bring you up to speed. Here, we'll cover what the diploma is and how you can get it as well as the benefits of pursuing this program (including scholarships and college credit). What Is the AICE Diploma? The Cambridge AICE Diploma(or Cambridge Advanced International Certificate of Education)is an internationally recognized diploma awarded to students for the satisfactory completion of a series of academically rigorous courses specific to AICE in high school. It's viewed as a graduation option in some places:the diploma can stand in for the graduation requirements of certain high schools, although most students will likely earn it in addition to their traditional high school diplomas. The AICE program is also described as an acceleration mechanism, meaning it gets you ready for hard college classes at a more rapid pace than traditional coursework. As withthe AP and IB programs, AICEinvolvesstudying college-level material before you graduate high school. You are also more likely to be accepted into honors classes right away when you get to collegeif you have anAICE (or AP or IB) Diploma under your belt. The whole AICE program is overseen, ultimately, by a branch of the University of Cambridge.The classes are hard, and most are offered at two levels: the Advanced Subsidiary (AS) Level, and the Advanced (A) Level. AS Level classes are one year long and less demanding than their A Level counterparts, which are two years in length. Classes tend to be narrow and specific in focus; the AICE Diploma entails an extremely specialized program. In this way, AICE is more like IB than it is AP (if you're familiar with these programs). With AICE, there are about 50 subjects to choose from across four different groups: Group 1: Mathematics and Sciences Example: Marine Science Group 2: Languages Example: Afrikaans Group 3: Arts and Humanities Example: Hindi Literature Group 4: Interdisciplinary and Skills-Based Subjects Example: Thinking Skills The AICE Diploma is internationally used and recognized, and is accepted at many universities around the world. At some schools, AICE courses will earn you college credits(we'll go over this in more detail when we talk about the benefits of the program shortly). With AICE's degree of international recognition, this is probably a good idea. How to Get an AICE Diploma Students wanting to earn anAICE Diploma must first considerwhether there is a school nearby that offers the program.These AICE classes aren't something you can freelance- you must earn the diploma through an approved school. Andthese schools are much more common overseas than they are in the United States. Furthermore, they'remuch more common in Florida than they are in any other state (though they do exist in the other 49). You can locate the nearest school offering AICE on the Cambridge website. Schools that offer AICE might offer AP and/or IB as well. If you're aiming for a diploma, though, you'll have to commit to one program in the end. You might be able to get a certificate or two from a second program, but don't count on diplomas from the AICE programand the IB program, for instance. Each diploma program entails a number of classes, and it's not practical to think you could fulfill all the requirements of two programs! Once you're enrolled in a program, it's time to think about the classes you'll need to take. Seven credits are required for earning the diploma: one credit each from Groups 1, 2, and 3, and three credits distributed across the groups in any desired combination. The last credit is earned through Cambridge International AS Level Global Perspectives Research.Optionally, up to two credits may be taken fromtheinterdisciplinary and skills-based subjects group.Your exact options when it comes to classes will depend on which courses areoffered at your school. Passing an AS Level exam (corresponding to a one-year course) earns you one credit; passing an A Level exam (corresponding to a two-year course) earns you two credits. You must take all exams within a 25-month period. In each subjectyou can earn an A*, A, B, C, D, or E, or you can fail. An A* is similar to a high A+ in the US, while an E is similar to a C in the US. Yes, you read that right- each letter grade is more impressive than its American counterpart, with even an E being counted as a passing grade. Depending on your scores, you can earn the AICE Diploma at Pass level, with Merit, or with Distinction.There are 20-60 points awarded per credit. Here are the point ranges you must have in order to meet each level of distinction: AICE Diploma at Pass Level: 140-249 points AICE Diploma with Merit: 250-359 points AICE Diploma with Distinction: 360 or more points (maximum score is 420 points) If you don't earn the diploma, you can still be awarded certificates in the various subjects you took, which couldhelp you with getting into college or earning college credit. Imagine if yourto-do list for the AICE Diploma lookedthis simple. What Are the Benefits of the AICE Diploma? There are many ways that earning the AICE Diploma pays off forstudents. Here are a few of the benefitsyou should consider if you're looking intothe program. College Credit Depending on the college youdecide to attend, you can earn up to 45 hours of college credit from the AICEDiploma. Individual course certificates can also earn you college credit if you don't earn the diploma. All of thisdepends on which college you go to, though. You can check out which schools around the worldrecognize AICE at the Cambridge website. Schools in the US are much less likely to recognize AICE than they are AP scores or the IB diploma. Schools in theUS that do recognize AICE tend to cluster in Florida, and AICEis once again a more internationally minded program, with AICE recognition much more commonplace overseas. AICE is recognized at places such as Florida State University, Colorado College, the University of Oxford, and Qatar University. Scholarships In Florida, completing the diploma and 100 hours of community service automatically nets you the Florida Academic Scholarships Awardviathe Florida Bright Futures Scholarship Program. In Kentucky, you can earn a Kentucky Excellence in Education Scholarship that pays out for each E or higher you score on your exams if you're on free or reduced-price lunch. There are also various school-specific scholarships at colleges such as Mississippi State. Check with individual schools for details. Preparation for College AICE is more flexible than IB, allowing students greater choice in the balance of classes they select. If, for instance, a student wants to take four credits in languages and only one in each of the other required categories, that's completely OK! AICE also demonstrates more concern over the amount of time students spend on busywork, remaining committed- by its own declaration- to helping students learn without excessive amounts of homework. On the other hand, AICE courses are more specific in their focus than AP classes are. AP classes are known for their broad and shallow approach, whereas AICE classes narrow in on particular subjects and drill deep. In a lot of ways, AICE seems to be a happy medium between these two other college preparatory programs. Plus, according to studies by the University of Florida and University of Virginia, it also appears that AICE Diploma students earn higher GPAs in college than AP or IB students. All of this indicates that it might not be a bad idea to pursue AICE just for the preparedness factor. In fact, AICE could be a great option for your education as a whole. I'm not saying getting your AICE Diploma willdefinitelymake you feel this good- just probably. Conclusion: What Is the AICE Diploma? AICEis not currently as well known within the US as are its academic counterparts, AP and IB; however, the program definitely has its own merits. The AICE Diploma, which is overseen by the University of Cambridge,demandsthat students fulfill a number of rigorous requirements.This program can earn students recognition, credit, and scholarship moneyat certain schools, and it's also an excellent way to further your education all around. What's Next? For suggestions on when to take AICE over AP or IB, check out our complete introduction to AICE. If AICE doesn't sound like your cup of tea, head on over to our discussion of AP and IB and see which of these programs might be more appealing to you. If you're not clearon what the IB program is, we've got you covered.Take a moment to read about IB classes and the IB program as a whole. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

This Is How Small Brands With Small Budgets Achieve Colossal Results With Andie Coupland From Totara Learning [AMP 146] - CoSchedule Blog

This Is How Small Brands With Small Budgets Achieve Colossal Results With Andie Coupland From Totara Learning [AMP 146] Blog Marketing is sometimes sensationalized, especially when media publications feature huge brands with huge budgets. In reality, most marketers come from small brands with small budgets. They need to be scrappy to get noticed, but with fewer resources. Today’s guest is Andie Coupland, product marketing manager at Totara Learning. She describes how small brands with small budgets can achieve colossal results by avoiding makeshift marketing.    Game Plan: Strategies for marketing goals, product fit, and brand messaging  Ã‚   Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) vs. Objectives and Key Results (OKRs): Different approaches for deliverables to measure results of goals and objectives Stop Fighting Fires: Stay agile to remain focused on your quarterly priorities Keep on Track: Processes in place to stay organized and meet deadlines Productivity Pressure: Marketing is getting more done with fewer resources Shift in Mindset: Always ask why you’re doing something as a leader/manager Andie’s Advice: Find the right tool(s) and learn how to use them to meet your company’s marketing needs right now Links:   Andie Coupland on Twitter   Totara Learning Adweek Asana Trello Jira Google Ads Start With Why by Simon Sinek 10X Marketing Formula by Garrett Moon New Marketing Suite If you liked today’s show, please subscribe on iTunes to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast! The podcast is also available on SoundCloud, Stitcher, and Google Play. Quotes by Andie Coupland:   â€Å"You need to have the key bits of information that you can refer back to when you’re making all your decisions for all the smaller things that come up.†Ã‚   â€Å"If you’re going to be successful, you need to have that shared overview of what’s going on, so everyone knows what they’re doing.†Ã‚   â€Å"You can have all the tools in the world, but if you’re not talking and communicating across the team regularly, it doesn’t mean anything.†Ã‚   â€Å"We kind of like that challenge of being creative and pragmatic and coming up with novel ways to do more with less.†

The Life and Times of Rosie the Riveter (1980) Essay

The Life and Times of Rosie the Riveter (1980) - Essay Example The house was for the women while bringing money for the household needs was seen as a masculine job until an unexpected turn of event happened during the war, changed everything that was considered norm for centuries. Rosie the Riveter is a movie that shows these changes. When Japan bombed the Pearl Harbor in Hawaii, the United States was compelled to fight in the Second World War that broke in the dawn of the 1940s. men were recruited to wear uniforms and join the soldiers who valiantly fought for the sake of the country’s safety. Father, husbands and brothers left their jobs and became soldiers. Because of the need for more men in the army, the government did its best to convince all eligible men to brave themselves and serve the country in joining the most heroic responsibility of the male citizens, fighting the war. However, the nation was yet to be faced with another challenge- the lack of people to do the jobs the men left in the country. This called the attention of the government to the females and the propaganda to allure them to do masculine jobs was made. Posters of the image of a woman in bandana, showing her muscles with the caption, ‘we can do it’, was all over the country. Other attempts were quotations of the words of the president asking the women to join the war by doing the jobs that the men left. The works left in the country were as important as the works of the soldiers in the war because they needed planes, armaments and other materials produced in the country while the war was ongoing. This was the situation that was described to the women so that they will see their importance in the preservation of the country’s economy and safety. The husbands were afraid for this change, thinking their wives might not be able to do difficult jobs and the women were also nervous about this change. However, the necessity compelled everyone to do the tasks at hand. Women applied for jobs and learned the skills needed for

Discussion Board Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion Board - Essay Example Although the nurse’s main concern is safety to the patient, nurses can protect themselves from facing any legal actions by adhering to the nursing principles before taking any action. It is important to ensure that all the actions are within the nursing practice. Before taking any action in nursing practice one needs to consider the patients signs and symptoms. This is done by assessing the patient’s data and appropriate identification of the patient’s problem. Proper assessment of the symptoms and signs allows for proper diagnosis which in turn leads to proper medication. Properly administer medication is key to determining whether an identified action falls within the sphere of nurse practice. The frequent errors in administering medication jeopardize the safety of the patient. Besides causing harm to the patient, such action leads to an expensive follow-up litigation, care and financial awards for compensation. In nursing practice it is important to know the right drugs to administer. In nursing practice it is important to consider the health conditions of the patient. Patient’s conditions are useful in telling any improvements or deterioration in the patient’s health. This is achievable through continuous assessment of the patient. Understanding patient’s condition allows for appropriate

Capital structure analysis Math Problem Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Capital structure analysis - Math Problem Example Since the managers are not sure of the accurate share price IST, the company would face a lemons problem if it would wish to raise the amount of capital required through issuing equity. A lemons problem takes place when both the buyers as well as the sellers have asymmetric information about the worth of the product in order to take an informed choice, and it is not possible to get hold of the correct information. For example, if in the market, the buyer cannot determine the value or worth of the product precisely, then he might be willing to pay only an average price for it, which is near about the mean value of the bid price and the offer price. But, this skews the balance towards the lemon seller (whose products are not of high quality), because receiving an average price for his low quality product is good enough for him; as the average price would definitely be higher than the price the product would command if the buyer knew in advance about the quality of the product. This occ urrence also places the seller of a good quality product in a disadvantageous position, since the best value such a seller can anticipate to get for his product is an average price, which is actually lower than the value the product should command (Tel Aviv University, n.d.). Prob. a) In the case of IST, since the managers of IST are not sure about the accurate price of these shares and feel that it is either $12.5 or $14.5, so as the investors have chosen an average price and hence the shares of IST are presently trading at $ 13.50. i) At present, if the company issues equity to raise the required capital, the share price will remain $13.5. The managers of IST would always want to maximize the long-term share price of the company. If the managers know that the accurate value of the share is $12.5; because the shares would be priced at $13.5 which is higher than the actual correct price, the company will have to issue comparatively lesser number to shares as compared to the situatio n if the shares were priced at $12.5. If the share price was $12.5, IST would have to issue 40 million shares to raise $500 million and now that the share is trading at $13.5, it will have to issue 37.037 million shares. Thus, since in this case IST has to issue 2.96 million less shares, it gains around $40 million (2.96 million times 13.5) and hence the managers would definitely choose to issue equity to raise $500 million ii) But, if the managers know that the accurate value of the shares is $14.5, issuing equity would mean that the share price would remain at $13.5 though its actual value is more. This would go against their policy to maximize the long-term share price of the company and would also imply that the company would have to issue 2.55 million more shares than it would have at share price of $14.5. This would lead to a loss of $34.42 million (2.55 million times 13.5). If the company borrows the required amount, it has a threat of potential financial distress and the pre sent value of the financial distress cost would be more than any tax benefit, by at least $20 million. The potential loss by issuing debt is much less than the loss by issuing equity, hence in this case the mangers would choose to borrow $500 million instead of issuing equity. Prob. b) If the management of IST issues equity, then the investors should conclude that the